Age spots—also called brown spots, liver spots, or solar lentigines—are a common sign of aging. These flat, oval areas of pigmentation often appear on sun-exposed areas such as the face, hands, arms, shoulders, and feet. Most frequently seen in people over 40, age spots can range from freckle-sized to over half an inch and vary in color from light brown to black. When multiple spots cluster together, they may appear even larger.
Book OnlineCauses of Age Spots
Age spots are primarily caused by cumulative exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun. Other contributing factors include the use of tanning beds, skin trauma, and genetic predisposition. Individuals with lighter skin or a history of frequent sunburns are more susceptible.
Diagnosis of Age Spots
Typically harmless, age spots do not require treatment. However, any spot that looks irregular may warrant a biopsy to rule out malignancy. Spots that should be examined by a physician include those that are:
- Darkly pigmented
- Composed of unusual color combinations
- Rapidly growing
- Itchy, red, sensitive, or bleeding
Treatment Options
Although age spots are not medically harmful, many seek treatment for cosmetic reasons. Options to reduce or remove age spots include:
- Cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen)
- Bleaching creams
- Microdermabrasion
- Laser skin resurfacing
- Chemical peels
Since treatment is cosmetic, it is typically not covered by insurance.
Prevention
Preventing age spots involves minimizing sun exposure and using a broad-spectrum (UVA and UVB) sunscreen daily. Wearing UV-protective clothing and a wide-brimmed hat offers additional protection.